Proctitis is inflammation of the rectum and often presents with rectal bleeding and tenesmus.

Proctitis may occur due to ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease. Other causes include infection or history of radiation therapy.

All patients with symptoms suggestive of proctitis must be investigated with an endoscopic examination of bowel to rule out other pathology and to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment may involve anti-inflammatory medication (oral or rectal). Occasionally local treatments may be useful and can be applied to rectal lining.