A pilonidal sinus is a small cavity in the skin which usually develops in the cleft of the buttocks. Multiple cavities may be present and these are often interconnected.
Pilonidal sinuses can get infected and present with pain, swelling, redness, temperature and drainage of pus. The pain caused by a pilonidal sinus is severe and is likely to get worse without treatment.
The exact cause of pilonidal sinuses is unclear. It is generally thought they are caused by loose hairs pushing into the skin followed by infection.
Pilonidal sinus disease is more prevalent in obese patients, male and may be predisposed in some families.
Incision and drainage of pilonidal abscess is the treatment of choice for acute pilonidal abscess. Recurrent abscess are common and may need surgical excision of sinus for cure. There is a high risk of recurrence after pilonidal sinus surgery.